仿生柔性抗缺陷材料研究进展
Advances in Biomimetic Soft Defect-Resistant Materials
张昊 1赵鑫 1翟丛丛 1吴锦荣2
作者信息
- 1. 山东非金属材料研究所,山东 济南 250031
- 2. 四川大学高分子科学与工程学院,高分子材料国家重点实验室,四川 成都 610065
- 折叠
摘要
在众多人造材料中,强度和韧性是相互制约的,如何使材料在具有高强度的同时兼具较高的韧性,其关键在于通过结构设计赋予材料较强的抗缺陷能力.大自然中存在很多种能够兼顾高强度和高韧性的材料,而这类材料往往具有独特的天然抗缺陷结构,为合成材料的设计与制造提供了丰富灵感.本文介绍了材料抗缺陷特性的主要机理,综述了仿生高性能抗缺陷材料特别是柔性材料相关的研究进展.在天然抗缺陷原型的启发下,相关仿生材料也能兼顾高强度与高韧性等力学性能,进而实现材料承载能力和使用可靠性的提升.同时,本文对该领域的未来研究方向进行了展望.
Abstract
In many man-made materials,strength and toughness are mutually exclusive.The key to endow materials with high strength and high toughness simultaneously is to impart materials with defect resistance via structural design.There are plenty of natural materials which have high strength and high toughness.With unique natural defect-resistant structures,such materials provide rich inspirations for the structure designs of synthetic materials.This work introduces the main mechanisms of defect resistance of materials and reports the recent advances of biomimetic high-performance defect-resistant materials,especially for the soft materials.Inspired by natural defect-resistant prototypes,the related biomimetic materials also show great mechanical properties such as high strength and high toughness,which is benefit for the improvement of the bearing capacity and the operational reliability.Meanwhile,the prospects in this field are briefly described.
关键词
抗缺陷/仿生材料/强度与韧性/裂纹扩展/应变硬化Key words
Defect Resistance/Biomimetic Material/Strength and Toughness/Crack Propagation/Strain Hardening引用本文复制引用
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据