Preparation and Properties of Polybutylene Foam Materials by Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extrusion Foaming
Using the supercritical carbon dioxide(sc-CO2)as the foaming agent,the extrusion foaming behaviors of polybutylene(PB)as the foaming resin were studied,and the effects of foaming agent dosage,die temperature and nucleating agent type on the mechanical properties and cell structures of foaming systems were investigated.Scanning electron microscope,universal experimental tension machine and electronic densimeter were used to test the cell morphologies,foam cell size,tensile strength and density of foaming materials.The results show that when the dosage of blowing agent increases from 0.5 phr to 4 phr,the sample density first decreases and then increases,the tensile strength and cell density gradually decrease,and the average foam cell diameter gradually increases.When the dosage of foaming agent is 3 phr,the foaming ratio is the largest.When the die temperature increases from 130℃to 140℃,the sample density first decreases and then increases,the tensile strength gradually decreases,the cell density first increases and then decreases,and the average cell diameter gradually increases.When the die temperature is 135℃,the foam ratio and cell density are the highest.Talc powder,calcium carbonate and montmorillonite were respectively used as the nucleating agents.When the talc powder is used as nucleating agent,the foam cell sizes of polybutylene foam products are uniform and the foam cell density could reach more than 1.37×107 cells/cm3.The foaming effect of talc powder is better than that of calcium carbonate and montmoronite nucleating agents.In summary,the foaming effect of polybutylene foaming products is the best when the die temperature is 135℃,the dosage of foaming agent is 3 phr,and the nucleating agent is talc powder.
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