首页|中枢神经系统相关水通道蛋白的研究进展

中枢神经系统相关水通道蛋白的研究进展

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水通道蛋白(aquaporins,AQPs)是一族表达于细胞膜上,对水分子高效通透的特异性孔道蛋白,其在全身广泛分布,与多个生物过程关系密切,同时也与较多神经系统疾病的发生发展存在联系.AQPs与中枢神经系统内的液体流动、能量代谢、神经修复与发生、血脑屏障的发育与稳定、信号转导以及CSF的产生与循环密切相关.AQPs还与脑水肿、阿尔茨海默病、视神经脊髓炎、原发性颅内高压及帕金森病等中枢神经系统疾病的发生发展有关.在中枢神经系统中,虽然已经发现较多种类的AQPs存在,但研究成果主要集中于AQP1、AQP4及AQP9三个水通道蛋白上.对于AQPs的研究有助于加深中枢神经系统的认识,并提供疾病的潜在治疗靶点.本文综述了AQPs在中枢神经系统的表达分布、调节机制、生理功能及其与中枢神经系统疾病的关联,为相关神经科学研究提供新思路.
Research Progress on Aquaporins Associated with Central Nervous System
Aquaporins(AQPs)are a family of water channels predominantly expressed on cell membranes.They are widely distributed throughout the human body and play crucial roles in multiple biological processes,such as homeostasis maintenance.Additionally,AQPs are actively involved in the pathophysiological processes of neurological disorders.They are closely associated with fluid movement,cerebrospinal fluid circulation,energy metabolism,signal transduction,neurogenesis,neural regeneration,and the development and stabilization of the blood-brain barri-er within the central nervous system(CNS),contributing to the onset and progression of various CNS diseases,including cerebral edema,Alzheimer's disease,neuromyelitis optica,intracranial hypertension,and Parkinson's disease.So far,multiple types of AQPs have been identified in the CNS,with research attention mainly devoted to AQP1,AQP4,and AQP9.The study of AQPs is instrumental in deepening our understanding of CNS and providing potential therapeutic targets for associated diseases.This article demonstrates the physiological distribution of AQPs in the CNS,their regulatory mechanisms,physiological functions,and their associations with CNS dis-eases,offering novel insights for relevant neuroscientific research.

aquaporinscentral nervous systemexpression distributionregulation mechanismphysiological functiondisorders in central nervous system

郁凯琳、朱宇杰、吕叶辉、奚盈盈、陆怡颖、杨明真、童昉

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上海健康医学院基础医学院生理教研室,上海 201318

上海健康医学院基础医学院解剖与组胚教研室,上海 201318

上海健康医学院创面防治研究所,上海 201318

司法鉴定科学研究院上海市法医学重点实验室司法部司法鉴定重点实验室上海市司法鉴定专业技术服务平台,上海 200063

上海健康医学院附属周浦医院神经内科,上海 201318

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水通道蛋白 中枢神经系统 表达分布 调节机制 生理功能 中枢神经系统疾病

上海市大学生创新创业训练计划项目上海市大学生创新创业训练计划项目国家自然科学基金

S202210262100S20221026210182301577

2024

生理科学进展
中国生理学会,北京大学

生理科学进展

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子:0.635
ISSN:0559-7765
年,卷(期):2024.55(1)
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