The Role of Exercise in Delaying Brain Aging:From Brain Plasticity to Neuroprotection
As the global population ages,brain aging has become an increasingly prominent is-sue.Brain aging involves a decrease in the number of neurons,weakening of synaptic connec-tions,and functional changes in brain regions,resulting in symptoms such as memory decline and cognitive impairment.This review comprehensively examines the research progress on how exer-cise can delay brain aging by improving brain plasticity.Exercise exerts positive effects on brain aging by influencing synaptic plasticity-related proteins and neurotransmitters,regulating the ex-pression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF),reversing neuronal loss,and improving mitochondrial function.However,future research needs to focus on the effects of different types and intensities of exercise on brain aging,as well as the synergistic effects of exercise with other interventions.This review may contribute to the understanding of the mechanisms by which ex-ercise delays brain aging and is crucial for the development of effective prevention and interven-tion strategies.
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