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脑类器官的构建及其神经疾病应用现状

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从十多年前发现自组装脑类器官(brain organoids)构建方案以来,这一领域取得了显著进展.这些脑类器官的细胞类型和结构与发育中的人类大脑极为相似,使其成为获得性和遗传性脑疾病的致病机制及病因学的理想模型.此外,区域特异性脑类器官的开发,为药物发现和毒性测试提供了针对性的平台.作为研究工具,脑类器官为揭示人类神经系统疾病的分子机制提供了新的视角.本文综述了构建脑类器官的技术以及这些技术在模拟神经疾病方面的应用研究,旨在为该领域的应用研究提供有价值的参考和启示.
Construction of Brain Organoids and Their Application in Neurological Diseases
Over the past decade,since the initial elucidation of self-assembling brain organoid construction protocols,significant progress has been made in this field.These brain organoids exhibit cell types and structures highly similar to those of the developing human brain,making them ideal models for studying the pathogenesis and etiology of both acquired and inherited brain diseases.In addition,the development of region-specific brain organoids has provided targeted platforms for drug discovery and toxicity testing.As a research tool,brain organoids offer new perspectives for unraveling the molecular mechanisms underlying human neurological diseases.In this article,we review the techniques for constructing brain organoids,and their applications in modeling neurological diseases,to provide valuable insights and references for applied research in this field.

brain organoidsquality appraisaldisease modelneurological diseases

刘凯、曹霞、余江南、徐希明

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江苏大学药学院,江苏省工程研究中心,镇江 212013

脑类器官 质量鉴定 疾病模型 神经疾病

国家自然科学基金

82173785

2024

生理科学进展
中国生理学会,北京大学

生理科学进展

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子:0.635
ISSN:0559-7765
年,卷(期):2024.55(5)