Distribution of wild boar and its influencing factors in the hilly forest production areas of Zhejiang Province
The wild boar(Sus scrofa)is a widely distributed species but its distribution in the Zhejiang Province has been little investigated.Conflicts between wild boars and people in the forestry production area of Zhejiang hilly area have be-come increasingly intense in the past years.In this study,we explored the relationship between forestry production and wild boars in Changshan County(109 900 hm2),in the hilly areas of western Zhejiang Province.Infrared cameras were used to investigate the abundance and distribution of wild boars in the non-harvest(January-August and December)and harvest(September-November)seasons of forestry crops in 2022.15 634 independent photographs were obtained from a total of 12 738 camera working days using 50 camera sites.We also analyzed the effects of other animals,human activ-ities,and environmental factors on the distribution and activity patterns of wild boars using species association scales,kernel density estimation,and generalized linear models.From the non-harvest to the harvest season of forestry crops,we found that the distribution frequency of wild boars increased from 0.26 to 0.55,the distribution overlap area be-tween wild boar and other species decreased,and the distribution frequency of 13 species of small and medium-sized birds and mammals decreased in the surveyed area.Compared to the non-harvest season,the daily activities of wild boars in the harvest season reduced in the 12:00-17:00 period and increased in the 19:00-24:00 period.Negative bino-mial regression analysis indicated that the environmental factors affecting the distribution of wild boars mainly included three variables:shrub cover,slope,and distance from the roads.Our findings indicated that the distribution of wild boar in the hilly forestry production areas of Zhejiang Province was mainly influenced by forestry production activities.The results provide an important theoretical basis for investigating wild boar habitat selection and the development of wild boar-related management methods.
Wild boar(Sus scrofa)Kernel density estimation methodGeneralized linear modelForestry productionDistribution influencing factors
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