This paper summarizes the design flood,characteristic water levels,and operation scheme variable ad-justment of Three Gorges Reservoir(TGR);reviews the research advancements of key regulation technologies and analyses the inflow water and sediment of TGR in recent years.Two approaches considered the regulation of upper reservoir group,i.e.,the most likely flood regional composition method and non-stationary flood frequency analy-sis method are used to derive design floods and characteristic water levels during TGR operation period,respective-ly.The results show that the inflow sediment of TGR in recent 10 years has reduced 84.4％compared with design values,the total hydrologic alteration rate of IHA-RVA index reaches 74％with a significant change at Yichang hydrologic station,1000-year designed 7 d-15 d flood volumes of TGR have reduced 8.15-14.28 billion m3,and the main constrain conditions of flood protection and sedimentation in preliminary design stage used to decide Flood Limited Water Level(FLWL)have changed significantly.The preliminary design flood at-site and TGR operation scheme 175-155-145 m is unable to satisfy water resources high efficient utilization and eco-environmental protec-tion in the new era.It is suggested that the TGR operation scheme is changed as 175-160-155 m,which is dy-namic control water level between 155-160 m in the main flood season,advance refill operation after the latest ending of Meiyu on August 8,and rise water level to about 163,165 and 175 m in the end of August,September and October,respectively.The proposed scheme can reduce discard water in wet-season and increase downstream water supply in dry-season,generate 10％more hydropower,and high operation water level is benefit for naviga-tion and able to reduce reservoir recession zone;less or no store water in September can reduce eco-environmental adverse effects on the downstream and two lakes during refill operation period,which has significant economic,so-cial and ecologic etc.comprehensive benefits.If the possible basin-scale larger flood is predicted/forecasted in the Yangtze River,the TGR water level should lower down to FLWL 145 m as soon as possible to ensure dam and downstream flood prevention safety.
关键词
三峡水库/设计洪水/特征水位/运行方案/动态控制/提前蓄水/洪水资源/高效利用
Key words
Three Gorges Reservoir/design flood/typical water levels/operation scheme/dynamic control/advance refill/water resources/high efficient utilization
维普
万方数据