摘要
淤积问题对我国的水利事业影响深远,而底泥清淤是近些年淤积治理中经常采用的措施.针对底泥清淤的现状和存在问题,系统梳理了底泥清淤这一学科交叉领域的相关理论、技术和方法;阐述了对底泥清淤的概念、内涵、类型及基本问题的科学理解;提出了淤积治理中底泥清淤必须明确的四大问题:为什么治理、治理什么、用什么方法治理以及对后续产物如何处置.依据淤积对河湖库产生的危害,可分为物理性淤积、化学性污染和生态性损害三种类型.分别讨论了工程清淤、环保清淤和生态清淤间的共性和差异.对底泥清淤工程在目的、目标、手段及后续处理处置方面的现状及存在问题进行了评述.未来底泥清淤势必成为一个长期存在的工程和管理行为,因此更加高效、低投入、绿色、可持续的底泥清淤技术,是行业必然的发展方向.
Abstract
The siltation problem has a far-reaching impact on China's water conservancy,and sediment dredging is a frequently adopted measure in siltation management in recent years.In view of the current situation and prob-lems of sediment desilting,the relevant theories,technologies and methods in the interdisciplinary field of sediment desilting are systematically sorted out;the scientific understanding of the concepts,connotations,types and basic problems of sediment desilting are elaborated;and four major problems that must be clarified in sediment desilting are put forward:Why Remediate,What to Remediate,Which Methods to Use,and What to do with Treated Sediments.Considering the hazards of siltation on rivers,lakes,and reservoirs,the article categorizes these into three types:physical siltation,chemical pollution,and ecological damage.It delves into the commonal-ities and distinctions between engineering desilting,environmental protection desilting,and ecological desilting.The current state and challenges of siltation control engineering are then reviewed with respect to purpose,objec-tives,means,and subsequent treatment and disposal.Looking ahead,sediment dredging is poised to be a long-term engineering and management endeavor,making the pursuit of more efficient,low-input,green,and sus-tainable technology an inevitable industry development direction.
基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC3202700)
维普
万方数据