Physiological hazards of heat stress to broilers and its mitigation measures
Heat stress occurs when the ambient temperature exceeds the upper limit of the comfortable temperature in the thermal area of the animal body.Broilers have thick body hair,fast growth rate,and no sweat glands.Due to the influence of feeding density,they are prone to heat stress in high-temperature environments.Heat stress can lead to a decrease in feed intake and slower growth rates in broilers.It also reduces their immune defense functions,inhibits the growth and development of immune organs,and increases the expression of inflammatory cytokines in tissues.Heat stress can lower the height of intestinal villi and increase the depth of crypts,causing damage to the intestinal structure and altering the quantity of the gut microbiota.Mild heat stress can lead to physiological dysfunction in broilers,while severe heat stress can lead to death,resulting in economic losses.This article summarizes the effects of heat stress on the productive performance,immune performance,intestinal morphology,and intestinal barrier of broilers,as well as preventive and mitigative measures against heat stress.It provides a reference for the prevention and mitigation of heat stress in practical production.
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
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