Evaluation on adaptability of quinoa germplasm resources in alpine region of Gansu Province
The experiment was in order to select and identify different types and functions of quinoa germplasm resources and provide suitable quinoa germplasm resources which appropriate to the high-altitude and cool areas of Gansu Province.17 quinoa germplasm resources were introduced,and their main agronomic traits,disease resistance and yield were studied and analyzed in a one-way randomized design using principal component analysis and cluster analysis.The results showed that 16 of the 17 introduced quinoa germplasm resources could emerge normally,14 could develop and mature successfully,and CHLi13 and CHLi14 were immature but with higher plant heights.Among the 14 normal mature resources,the plant heights ranged from 78 to 182 cm,main spike length ranged from 22 to 72 cm,main spike diameter ranged from 9 to 32 mm,and the number of branches ranged from 8 to 20.Except growth period,the coefficient of variation of other indexes was about 20％.None of the tested resources showed sprouting or lodging.CHLi01 and CHLi02 exhibit varying degrees of susceptibility to stem rot,leaf spot,and downy mildew,and the most serious downy mildew disease infections were found in CHLi07,CHLi09 and CHLi17.CHLi03,CHLi06,CHLi07,CHLi08,CHLi09,CHLi10,and CHLi16 had high yields,all exceeding 3 800 kg/hm2.After principal component analysis,the cumulated variance contribution ratio of the first five factors reached 83.297％,which was well represented,with components 1 and 2 being better able to represent the relationship between agronomic traits and yield,and components 3 and 4 could better represent stem rot disease,leaf spot disease and downy mildew disease and thousand grain weight.Meanwhile,the common factor variance of each index was greater than 0.7,which could adequately represent the raw data of each index.It can be judged by cluster analysis that at genetic distance 5,the 14 quinoa resources that emerged and matured normally were classified into three major groups,among which seven resources,CHLiO3,CHLiO6,CHLiO7,CHLiO8,CHLiO9,CHLi10 and CHLi16,achieved higher yields due to the high number of branches and high effective branching rate.The study indicates that the resources identified as suitable for wider cultivation are CHLiO6,CHLiO8,CHLi13,CHLi14,and CHLi16.Of these,CHLi13 and CHLi14 can be developed and utilized as forage,while the remaining resources can be used for harvesting of seeds.
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