典型浅海环境参数对声传播损失影响及试验验证
Effects and Experimental Verification of Typical Shallow Sea Environmental Parameters on Acoustic Transmission Loss
刘力溟 1冯伟佳 1计方 1李国楠 1鹿绍庆1
作者信息
摘要
针对典型浅海环境参数对声传播损失影响问题,提出了一种基于海底边界反射系数修正的改进耦合简正波-抛物方程模型,设计并开展了典型南海海域声传播损失测试试验,模型相对误差小于 4%、均方根误差小于 3 dB,验证了模型的准确性.接着,分别对声速剖面、海面海况、海底底质、海底地形 4 种海洋环境参数,设计了 5 种工况,进行仿真计算分析.得出声速剖面主要影响声会聚区的分布,负梯度下声会聚区能量多集中于海底和声源深度附近,而正梯度下声会聚区能量多集中于海面附近;浅海环境下声传播损失分布受海面海况、海底底质因素影响较大;海底地形是影响水下声传播损失的主要因素,海底斜坡既可以汇集声波能量,也可以使其发散.
Abstract
Aiming at the problem of the influence of typical shallow sea environmental parameters on acoustic propagation loss,an improved coupled simple positive wave-parabolic equation model based on correction of reflection coefficient of seabed boundary is proposed.An acoustic propagation loss test in typical South China Sea waters is designed and carried.The relative error is less than 4%and the root mean square error is less than 3dB,which verifies the accuracy of the model.Then,five working conditions are designed for four marine environmental parameters,namely sound velocity profile,sea surface state,seafloor sediments and seabed topography,and simulation calculation and analysis are carried out.The results show that the sound velocity profile mainly affects the distribution of the acoustic convergence zone,and the energy of the acoustic convergence zone is mostly concentrated near the seabed and the depth of the sound source under the negative gradient,while the energy of the acoustic convergence zone is mostly concentrated near the sea surface under the positive gradient.The distribution of acoustic propagation loss in shallow sea environment is greatly affected by sea surface state and seafloor sediments.Seabed topography is the main factor affecting underwater acoustic propagation loss,and seabed slope can collect the energy of acoustic wave or disperse it.
关键词
声传播损失/浅海环境/典型海洋环境/试验验证Key words
acoustic transmission loss/shallow sea environment/typical marine environment/experimental verification引用本文复制引用
基金项目
国家自然科学基金面上项目(52371356)
出版年
2024
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据