Optogenetics technology uses the response of photosensitive elements to light to realize the target timing and positioning regulation,which has the advantages of non-invasive,controllable,and fast response.Using the gene coding system,optogenetics can photoregulate the key proteins in the occurrence and progression of tumors,thus providing a new strategy for tumor therapy.Based on this,this paper introduces the basic components and application forms of optogenetics technology,and reviews the research progress of optogenetics technology in the field of tumor therapy in recent years,in order to explore new ideas for the application of optogenetics technology and its transformation into clinical practice.