Acetyl-CoA is a key intermediate in substance and energy metabolism,and is also the acetyl group donor for protein acetylation.Protein acetylation includes Nα-acetylation and Nε-acetylation,which are catalyzed by different enzymes.Protein acetylation occurs in multiple subcellular organelles and compartments,such as cytosol,nucleus,mitochondria,endoplasmic reticulum lumen and so on.Studies have shown that fluctuations of acetyl-CoA availability in different organelles and compartments can regulate the levels of proteins acetylation in endoplasmic reticulum.Based on the functions of citrate transporters SLC25A1 and SLC13A5,acetyl-CoA transporters AT-1,and acetyltransferases ATase1 and ATase2,this paper analyzed the related human diseases and dysregulated mouse models relevant on endoplasmic reticulum acetylation or citrate/acetyl-CoA flux.Furthermore,this paper also summarized the relationship between acetyl-CoA and endoplasmic reticulum acetylation,and clarified that dysfunction of endoplasmic reticulum acetylation was closely related to the developmental and degenerative diseases,which could provide some certain strategies for treatment of the related diseases.
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