The regulation of HIV-1 transcription by post-translational modifications of Tat
The HIV-1 virus possesses the ability to modify the host environment through the utilization of regulatory and co-proteins subsequent to its entry into target cells.This mechanism serves to augment viral replication and facilitate evasion of the immune response.Among these regulatory proteins,Tat is recognized for its interaction with diverse transcriptional cofactors during the initial transcriptional phase of the virus,thereby functioning as a trans-transcriptional activator of HIV-1.Tat exerts control over the transcription of the HIV-1 genome and the activation of latent virus.Post-translational modification,a reversible process,assumes a significant role in the interactions between Tat and various transcriptional accessory proteins.Phosphorylation has the potential to facilitate the interaction between Tat and TAR RNA.Acetylation,on the other hand,has the ability to augment the formation of the Tat/P-TEFb/TARRNA complex or modify and restructure chromatin.Additionally,acetylation can promote the initiation of transcription for the HIV-1 genome.The ubiquitin modification of Tat not only reduces its expression and hinders transcription,but also confers stability at its level.The effects of Tat methylation on transcription are variable and can even be contradictory.Consequently,Tat methylation could serve as a promising target for retroviral replication and transmission.This paper provides a comprehensive overview of Tat's research advancements pertaining to protein phosphorylation,acetylation,ubiquitin,and methylation modifications in the transcription and replication of the HIV-1 genome.The primary objective is to augment comprehension of the post-translational modification mechanism of Tat and its impact on HIV-1 transcription.Ultimately,this endeavor aims to establish a theoretical framework for the identification and development of novel anti-HIV transcription drugs.
HIV-1transactivator of transcriptionpost-translational modificationstranscription
万方数据
维普
