Role of telomere and telomerase dysfunction in accelerating Alzheimer's disease:a review of mechanistic studies
Telomere,the special DNA-protein complex presented at the ends of chromosomes of eukaryotes,protects the ends of chromosomes from degradation and fusion.As cells divide,the telomere is progressively eroded and the critically shortened telomere is a key driver of cellular senescence and organism aging.In some cells,telomeres can be lengthened by telomerase or other means.Alzheimer's disease(AD)is a neurodegenerative disease closely related to aging.Numerous studies have revealed that changes in telomere length in blood or brain cells are closely related to the risk of AD and the disease course of AD.Data from AD mouse models has shown that delaying the rate of telomere shortening significantly improves learning and memory ability,and the expression of telomerase improves cognitive ability and prevents pathological phenotypes by enzyme-dependent and enzyme-independent mechanisms.In this review,we summarize the structure and function of telomeres,review the studies on the relationship between changes in telomere length and the risk of AD,and discuss the molecular mechanisms of telomerase in preventing AD.The systematic analysis of the relationship between telomere and telomerase dysfunction and AD has significant implications in expanding the breadth and depth of AD research.
telomerestelomeraseAlzheimer's diseaseβ amyloidmouse model
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