Progress in the study of exercise-regulated extracellular vesicle biogenesis
Extracellular vesicles(EVs)are a type of vesicles with membranous structures released by cells,which can be secreted by most cells and carry specific bioactive molecules such as nucleic acids,proteins,and lipids to target cells for intercellular information exchange.At present,the biogenic regulation of EV has become a key target for disease prevention and control,receiving widespread attention.Exercise can promote the release of EV and regulate its content composition,which is even considered a sign of the body's adaptation to exercise.The activation of signaling pathways(such as Ca2+,mTOR,STAT3,etc.)during exercise,changes in cellular microenvironment(such as pH and oxygen concentration),and even in posttranslational modifications of EV-related proteins can affect the formation of EV,content sorting,and vesicular transport processes.In this review we summarize the biogenic process of EV and the impact of exercise on EV biogenesis.Based on existing research,we analyze the possible mechanisms by which exercise regulates EV biogenesis from the perspectives of signaling pathways,cellular microenvironment,and protein post-translational modifications.
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