Research progress on the role of choroid plexus in neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders
The choroid plexus(CP)is a delicate and highly vascularized structure located in the brain ventricles,with a stroma inside and a single layer of cuboidal epithelium outside.The CP forms the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier,and secrets cerebrospinal fluid(CSF),which not only facilitates the removal of metabolic wastes from the central nervous system(CNS),but also provides an important source of nutrients for the brain parenchyma.The CP is one of the key gateways regulating the peripheral immune cells into the CNS,and plays important roles in neurogenesis and brain development,circadian rhythm,and the gut-brain axis.Abundant evidence implicated that the CP involves in the pathophysiology of several neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders.In this paper,we summarize the structure,development,and physiological functions of the CP,and discuss the role of CP in neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia,autism,cerebral folate deficiency,microcephaly caused by Zika virus,and neurological complications caused by SARS-Cov-2,further propose the diagnostic and therapeutic value of the CP in neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders,which provide new ideas and research directions for the therapeutics of these diseases.