Effects of Different Substrates on Colonization Succession and Community Structure of Adherent Bacteria
Adherent bacteria function as decomposers in ecosystems and have become an important component in the ecological restoration of water bodies.Selecting appropriate attachment substrates to enhance synergistic effects among different adherent bacteria and strengthen their ecological restora-tion function is a key research direction.In this study,five substrates(hollow bricks,pebbles,volca-nic rock,bamboo and wood)were selected for comparison.Using in situ experiments conducted in the field,we studied the effects of each substrate on colonization succession and the community struc-ture of adherent bacteria.Our aim was to provide insight and information for selecting substrates that function effectively for water pollution treatment using periphyton biotechnology.The experiment was conducted in an artificial lake from March 4 to March 24,2024.The five substrates,15 of each type,were suspended at a depth of lm and on days 4,8,12,16 and 20,three of each substrate type was randomly removed for examination of adherent bacteria,and water samples were concurrently collect-ed.Proteobacteria,Actinobacteria,Bacteroidetes,Firmicutes and Cyanobacteria were the primary bac-terial groups attached to the surface of all substrate types.Substrate surfaces were first colonized by Proteobacteria,Cyanobacteria and Bacteroidetes became dominant after 8 days,and Firmicutes gener-ally dominated after 16 days.Principal Coordinates Analysis(PCoA)showed that the bacterial com-munity structures were significantly different among the five substrates at the middle stage(4-16 d),but tended to converge to similar structures by the end of the experiment(20 d).This result indicates that differences in the physicochemical properties of the different substrates primarily affected early-stage bacteria development and colonization,but had little obvious effect on the bacterial community after maturation.However,analysis of network structure and Functional Annotation of Procaryotic Taxa(FAPROTAX)predictions showed that the co-occurrence network of the bacterial community on the surface of the organic substrates(bamboo and wood)exhibited higher complexity,stability,trans-mission performance,and efficiency,and the relationships among network nodes were closer.Further-more,among the functional traits of the bacterial communities on organic substrates,the proportions of chemoheterotrophic and aerobic chemoheterotrophic functions were higher,suggesting a stronger capacity for digesting and decomposing organic matter in water.We suggest combining different sub-strates for aquatic ecological restoration in the future.
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