Analysis on the Scale of A New Period of Returning Farmland to Forestland and Grassland in Northwest China
Drought,serious soil erosion and fragile ecological environment are the key issues in the Northwest China.The project of returning farmland to forestland and grassland is the important measure for the construction of ecological environment in the northwest region,and also a magnificent ecological project of the national ecological environment construction.Based on the integrated analysis of the present situation,the ecological effect and the existing problems in the implementation of the project of returning farmland to forestland and grassland,the scale of the project of returning farmland to forestland and grassland in the Northwest China was discussed.The results were as follows.(1) The area of returning farmland to forestland and grassland was 7.519 9 million hm2 during the period from 1999 to 2011 in the Northwest China,accounted for 36.14％ of the returned national area during the same period.The areas of returning farmland to forestland and grassland of the Shaanxi,Gansu,Qinghai,Ningxia,Xinjiang,Shanxi and Inner Mongolia Midwest,accounted for 27.89％,21.29％,4.62％,9.80％,10.80％,13.57％ and 12.03％ of total returned area in the northwest region in the same period,respectively.(2) Since the implementation of the project,the net incomes of farmers in the northwest area increased year by year from 2002 to 2012,and the increasing trend of the provinces or regions was the same.(3) In northwest region,the vegetation cover was improving,and NDVI was in the upward trend on the whole,but there are obvious differences in the space,spatial distribution was gradually decreasing from southeast to northwest,and the northern Shaanxi is a region with the fastest speed of vegetation recovery during recent 10 years in the Loess Plateau.(4) During 2003-2014,the runoff and erosion in the Yellow River basin were lower than those during 1950 1995,and the annual fluctuations were large.(5) the area of slope farmland with more than 25 degrees was 1.801 million hm2,accounting for 6.0％ of the existing cultivated land,area of slope farmland with 15～25 degrees was up to 2.965 × 106 hm2,accounting for 9.9％ of the existing land area,and the farmland scales of the provinces or districts were clarified,and finally,four suggestions were put forward to aim at the smooth implementation of farmland policy of a new period.
returning farmland to forestlandecological civilization constructiona new periodscale analysisNorthwest China
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据
维普
