Spatial-temporal variation characteristics and obstacle factors of'Four Mountains'ecological environment in Chongqing
[Objective]The'Four Mountains'area in Chongqing is a key ecological function zone in the city.The aims of this study are to investigate the ecological environment status and obstacle factors in this area,and to present the guiding for further protecting and rationally utilizing the resources of the Four Mountains.[Methods]Based on data such as DEM,land use type,vegetation coverage,and groundwater level monitoring stations,methods such as the AHP-PCA entropy weight model,spatial autocorrelation analysis,and obstacle degree model were employed to analyze the spatiotemporal variation characteristics of ecological environmental quality in the Four Mountains area of Chongqing.Additionally,the trend of ecological environmental quality changes under different aggregation modes was explored,and the obstacle degree of each influencing factor on the ecological environmental quality of the Four Mountains was quantified.[Results](1)From 2014 to 2021,the ecological environment quality of the Four Mountains area in Chongqing was relatively good,with an overall improving trend(accounting for 36.24％of the area).A localized deteriorating trend(accounting for 24.20％of the area)was mainly distributed in the frequently human-active trough areas.(2)There were shifts in ecological environmental quality levels in the study area.The regions with extremely poor and excellent ecological environmental quality exhibited a certain stability,with 59.36％and 73.22％of the areas remaining unchanged,respectively.The mobility of regions with poor,average,and good ecological environmental quality was relatively high,with 63.69％,54.09％,and 43.65％of the areas undergoing shifts,respectively.Among the different mountains,Mingyue Mountain had higher ecological environmental quality stability,Zhongliang Mountain had the smallest trend of ecological environmental quality improvement,and Jinyun Mountain faced a greater risk of ecological environmental quality deterioration compared to other mountains.(3)Spatial autocorrelation analysis results showed that high and low ecological environmental quality areas in the Four Mountains had significant spatial clustering characteristics(p＜0.01).The ecological environmental quality faced the possibility of further deterioration under the high-low pattern,while the low-high pattern reflected a potential state of ecological environment damage.(4)Among the factors affecting the ecological environment in the Four Mountains area of Chongqing,the groundwater level had the greatest obstacle degree,followed by vegetation coverage,biological abundance,and urban development intensity.The obstacle degrees that had undergone significant changes were tunnel construction density,groundwater level,and surface water abundance.Specifically,the obstacle degree of tunnel construction density had increased,while the obstacle degrees of groundwater level and surface water abundance had decreased.[Conclusion]The ecological environment in Four Mountains area is developing well,the local ecological quality is poor,and the influence of tunnel density on the ecological environment is increasing.
ecological environment qualitytemporal and spatial characteristicshuman activitiesobstacle factorsAHP-PCA entropy weight model
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