[目的]分析中国、日本、加拿大及欧洲和地中海植物保护组织(European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization,EPPO)现行植物检疫性有害生物名录,以期为我国科学合理制定检疫性菌物名录提供参考.[方法]结合世界三大菌物名称注册库Fungal Name、Mycobank及Index Fungrum信息,对上述名录中检疫性菌物学名、种类、数量等信息进行比较研究.[结果]4个国家或地区的名录共涉及检疫性菌物218种,分布在2界4门30目61科114属中.其中,中国有82属130种,日本有43属61种,加拿大有30属41种,EPPO有41属67种.在检疫性菌物涉及类群方面,4个国家或地区各类群所占比例不同,4个国家或地区名录中子囊菌门占比均为最高,中国和日本名录中卵菌门和担子菌门占比相近,加拿大卵菌门占比较高,EPPO担子菌门占比较高.4个国家或地区独有的检疫性菌物情况分别为中国77种,日本34种,加拿大22种,EPPO 25种.4个国家或地区共有的检疫性菌物有5种,分别是栎枯萎病菌、栎树猝死病菌、马铃薯癌肿病菌、小麦印度腥黑穗病菌和马铃薯黑粉病菌.[结论]由于菌物分类学的快速发展,许多检疫性菌物的分类地位已经发生变化,4个国家或地区中,我国检疫性菌物名录与国际公认现用学名不一致情况最为明显,我国检疫性菌物名录亟待修订完善.
Comparison and analysis of the list of quarantine fungi in China,Japan,Canada,and EPPO
[Aim]The study analyzed the current lists of quarantine fungi in China,Japan,Canada,and the European and Mediter-ranean Plant Protection Organization(EPPO)to provide a scientific basis for formulating an updated quarantine fungi list in China.[Method]By utilizing information from the world's three official fungal nomenclatural repositories—Fungal Name,Mycobank,and Index Fungorum,a comparative study was conducted to examine the names,types,and quantities of quarantine fungi in the aforementioned list.[Result]The lists from the four countries or regions encompassed a total of 218 quarantine fungi species across two kingdoms,four phyla,30 orders,61 families,and 114 genera.In China,130 species belonged to 82 genera,while in Japan,61 species belonged to 43 genera.Canada included 41 species across 30 genera,and EPPO included 67 species within 41 genera.The proportions of taxa involved in the quarantine of fungi,varied among countries or regions.The phylum Ascomycota of the subkingdom Dikarya was the most common across all four lists.Oomycota and Basidiomycota had similar proportions in the lists of China and Japan,while Oomycota had a higher proportion in the Canadian list,and Basidiomycota dominated the EPPO list.There were 77 species unique to China,34 unique to Japan,22 unique to Canada,and 25 unique to EPPO.Five quarantined fungal species are common to the four countries or regions:Ceratocystis fagacearum,Phytophthora ramorum,Synchytrium endobioticum,Tilletia indica,and Thecaphora solani.[Conclusion]The taxonomic status of many quarantined fungi has changed due to the rapid development of mycological taxonomy.Comparing and analyzing the quarantine fungal lists of the four countries or regions with their current names,revealed a notable inconsistency in China's quarantine fungal list.Therefore,there is an urgent need to revise and improve the list of quarantined fungi in China.
万方数据
维普
