Clinical Characteristics of Bronchial Asthma in Children of Different Ages and Analysis of Risk Factors for Concurrent Respiratory Infections
Objective:To explore the clinical characteristics of bronchial asthma in children of different ages and its risk factors for concurrent respiratory infections.Method:A study was conducted on 256 children with bronchial asthma admitted to our hospital from January 2018 to January 2023.They were grouped according to their age.128 children aged＜5 years were divided into a younger group,and 128 children aged ≥ 5 years were divided into an older group.The clinical symptoms,disease severity,and inhalation allergen test results of the two groups of children were compared.Subsequently,256 children with bronchial asthma were divided into two subgroups based on whether they were complicated with respiratory infections,namely the respiratory infection group(n=100)and the non respiratory infection group(n=156).Their general clinical situation was analyzed,and the independent influencing factors of respiratory infections in children with bronchial asthma were analyzed using a logistic regression model.Result:There was no significant difference in the incidence of wheeze,lung wheezing symptoms,and disease severity between the younger and older groups(P＞0.05).The incidence of wheezing,shortness of breath,cough symptoms,and disease severity in the younger group was significantly higher than that in the older group(P＜0.05);There was no significant difference in the allergenic rates of soybeans,fish,and shrimp between the younger and older groups(P＞0.05).The allergenic rates of milk and mold in the younger group were lower than those in the older group,while the allergenic rates of animal fur,dust mites,or dust mites in the younger group were higher than those in the older group(P＜0.05);There was no significant difference in gender and course of disease between the respiratory infection group and the non respiratory infection group(P＞0.05).However,there were significant differences in age,frequency of seizures every six months,onset season,intravenous corticosteroids,total serum IgE,and EOS count between the respiratory infection group and the non respiratory infection group(P＜0.05);The results of logistic regression analysis showed that the number of episodes per six months was ≥ 3,the onset season was autumn and winter,intravenous corticosteroids were injected,total serum IgE＜100 IU/mL,and EOS count ≥ 0.52×109/L is an independent risk factor for respiratory tract infection in children with bronchial asthma(P＜0.05).Conclusion:There are certain differences in clinical symptoms,severity,and allergen distribution of bronchial asthma in children of different ages,with≥3 episodes every six months,onset season in autumn and winter,intravenous corticosteroids,serum total IgE＜100IU/mL,and EOS count≥0.52× 109/L is an independent risk factor for respiratory tract infection in children with bronchial asthma.Relevant measures should be taken to prevent the occurrence of respiratory tract infection in such children during the acute onset of asthma.
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