Analysis of Factors Influencing Nosocomial Infection and Pathogenic Bacteria Distribution in Very Low And Ultra-low Birth Weight Premature Infants in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
Objective:To analyze the influential factors of nosocomial infection and the distribution of pathogenic bacteria in very low and ultra-low birth weight premature infants in neonatal intensive care unit.Methods:493 very low and ultra-low birth weight pre-mature infants from January 2018 to December 2022 were selected.According to whether nosocomial infection occurred,they were di-vided into infected group(54 cases)and non-infected group(439 cases).The clinical characteristics of the two groups were compared,and the influencing factors of nosocomial infection were analyzed by multi-factor Logistic regression,and the distribution of pathogenic bacteria and early clinical characteristics of nosocomial infection were analyzed.Results:There were differences in gestational age,birth weight,intrauterine distress,congenital heart disease,parenteral nutrition duration＞14 d,mechanical ventilation duration＞24 h,PICC catheter duration＞14 d and hospital stay between the two groups(P＜0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the dura-tion of parenteral nutrition＞14 days,the duration of mechanical ventilation＞24 hours,and the duration of PICC catheter＞14 days were all independent risk factors for nosocomial infection in birth weight infants in NICU(P＜0.05).In 54 children with nosocomial infection,41 strains of pathogenic bacteria were cultured,including 10 strains of gram-positive bacteria,mainly Staphylococcus epidermidis.There were 24 gram-negative strains,mainly Klebsiella pneumoniae.There were 7 strains of fungi,mainly Candida albicans.There were no dif-ferences in gestational age,birth weight,hyporeactivity,fever,digestive symptoms,thrombocytopenia,hypoxia or apnea between gram-positive bacteria group,gram-negative bacteria group and fungus group(P＞0.05).Conclusion:Nosocomial infection of very low and ultra-low birth weight premature infants in neonatal intensive care unit is closely related to the duration of parenteral nutrition,me-chanical ventilation time and PICC insertion time,staphylococcus epidermidis,klebsiella pneumoniae and candida albicans are the main pathogens,and the early clinical characteristics lack specificity,which can be used as an important basis for prevention and treatment of nosocomial infection.
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