The Effects of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Regulating the PAR2-TRPV1 Pathway on Visceral Hypersensitivity,Mast Cell Activation,and Gut Microbiota in a Rat Model of Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Objective:To investigate the effects of fecal microbiota transplantation regulating the PAR2-TRPV1 pathway on vis-ceral hypersensitivity,mast cell activation,and gut microbiota in a rat model of irritable bowel syndrome.Methods:Rats were randomly divided into Control group,IBS group,FMT group,and FMT+SLIGRL-NH2 group.Measurement of fecal water content,colorectal dis-tension(CRD)and behavioral observation to evaluate visceral sensitivity,detection of colon mast cell(MC)activity using toluidine blue staining,16S rDNA sequencing of gut microbiota,and protein blotting to detect the expression of PAR2,TRPV1,SP,and CGRP proteins in colon tissue.Results:The results showed that the AWR score,number of MCs,and expression of PAR2,TRPV1,SP,and CGRP pro-teins in colon tissue of rats in the IBS group were significantly higher than those in the Control group,while the number of OTUs,Chaol,and Shannon index were significantly lower than those in the Control group(P＜0.05);The AWR score,number of MCs,and protein ex-pression of PAR2,TRPV1,SP,and CGRP in colon tissue of FMT group rats were significantly lower than those of IBS group,while the number of OTUs,Chao 1,and Shannon index were significantly higher than those of IBS group(P＜0.05);Compared with the FMT group,the FMT+SLIGRL-NH2 group showed a significant increase in AWR score,number of MCs,and expression of PAR2,TRPV1,SP,and CGRP proteins in colon tissue,while the number of OTUs,Chaol,and Shannon index decreased significantly(P＜0.05).Compared with the Control group,the relative abundance of Firmicutes,Bacteroidetes,and Lactobacillus in the IBS group decreased significantly,while the relative abundance of Spirochetes,Proteobacteria and Prevotella increased significantly(P＜0.05);Compared with the IBS group,the relative abundance of Firmicutes,Bacteroidetes,and Lactobacillus in the FMT group significantly increased,while the relative abundance of Spirochetes,Proteobacteria,and Prevotella decreased significantly(P＜0.05);Compared with the FMT group,the relative abundance of Firmicutes,Bacteroidetes,and Lactobacillus in the FMT+SLIGRL-NH2 group decreased significantly,while the relative abundance of Spirochetes,Proteobacteria,and Prevotella increased significantly(P＜0.05).Conclusion:Fecal microbiota transplantation can inhibit visceral hypersensitivity and mast cell activation in IBS rats,regulate intestinal microbiota balance,and its mechanism of action may be related to the inhibition of PAR2-TRPV1 signaling pathway activation.
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