Soil faunal diversity characteristics and influencing factors across the altitude gradient in the poplar-birch forest of Guandi Mountains
Aim:The purpose of this study was to clarify the changes of a soil fauna community in the poplar-birch forest of Guandi Mountains along the altitude gradient and the resulting effects of environmental factors on its diversity.Methods:Four sampling plots were set up along an elevation gradient in the poplar-birch forest(1,600 m,1,800 m,2,000 m,2,200 m).Soil fauna in different soil layers under the forest were investigated in May,July and October of 2022 and 2023.The different characteristics of soil fauna community structure and diversity index in the poplar-birch forest at different elevations were analyzed by the one-way univariate analysis,and using Jaccard similarity index and Cody index to compare the similarity of the soil fauna community at different elevations.Redundancy analysis was used to identify the environmental factors affecting the diversity of soil fauna at different elevations.Results:The results showed that a total of 24,434 soil fauna of 127 species were captured in the forest plots across different elevations at Guandi Mountains.There were obvious differences in the differentiation characteristics of community composition along the elevation gradient.With the exception of the Simpson index,the α diversity indices of soil fauna communities at different elevations were significantly different(P＜0.05).The Jaccard index was very similar between the two adjacent elevations,and the species richness similarity was higher.Shannon-Wiener,Pielou and Margalef indices of soil fauna at different elevations all decreased with the increase of soil depth,suggesting super-aggregation.In terms of seasonal dynamics,diversity,richness and evenness indices were highest in the summer.Furthermore,the results of the redundancy analysis suggest that temperature,humidity and pH were the main environmental factors affecting soil fauna diversity at different elevations.Conclusion:The diversity of the soil fauna community is different across elevation gradients,soil layers and seasonal dynamics.Environmental temperature,humidity and pH are the main environmental factors affecting the diversity of soil fauna community.
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