Advances in Physiological Activities and Synthesis of Vitamin B6
Vitamin B6(VB6)is a water-soluble vitamin,composed of six transformable pyridine compounds:pyridoxine(PN),pyridoxal(PL),pyridoxamine(PM),pyridoxal 5'-phosphate(PLP),pyridoxine 5'-phosphate(PNP)and pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate(PMP).PLP is the bioactive form of VB6,and is the cofactor of over 180 enzymes.VB6 is an important dietary chemical with several physiological functions such as anti-inflammatory,antioxidant,neuromodulatory,and anti-tumor.Pyridoxine hydrochloride is currently the most common commercial form of VB6,which is fully synthesized using expensive and toxic chemicals via the oxazole method.Compared with chemical synthesis,the biosynthesis of VB6 has significant advantages in terms of non-toxicity,high purity,and sustainability,and has great potential for application.Although high-level production of VB6 by microbial cell factories is still in its infancy,in-depth research on the metabolic pathways,key enzymes and homeostatic regulation of VB6 biosynthesis will gradually increase the yield of VB6,and it is expected to fundamentally replace chemical synthesis.This article mainly reviews the physiological functions,chemical synthesis,and biosynthesis of VB6,focusing on the metabolic pathways and homeostatic regulation involved in biosynthesis.It proposes relevant strategies for the development of high-yielding VB6 strains,with the aim of exploring the potential of VB6 biosynthesis and providing a reference for the efficient biosynthesis of VB6.
Vitamin B6Pyridoxal phosphateChemical synthesisBiosynthesisControl of homeostasis
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