Mechanism and Optimization Strategy of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Exosomes against Liver Fibrosis
Liver fibrosis is a major problem in the treatment of liver disease.Mesenchymal stem cells can be used to treat liver fibrosis,but are limited by their potential carcinogenicity,and the large number of cells required for transplantation.In recent years,mesenchymal stem cell exosomes have become a research hotspot due to their smaller size,lower immunogenicity and non-carcinogenicity.However,the clinical application of mesenchymal stem cell exosomes is limited for the following reasons.First,there is a lack of standard and uniform methods for extracting and identifying exosomes from different types of mesenchymal stem cells.Second,the mechanism of mesenchymal stem cell exosomes to treat liver fibrosis is not clear.Finally,mesenchymal stem cell exosome therapy has some problems such as weak ability to target aHSC,low exosome production,low drug loading ability and low delivery efficiency.In view of the above reasons,the factors causing the difference in exosome extraction effect of common mesenchymal stem cells,the mechanism of mesenchymal stem cell exosomes ameliorating liver fibrosis and its optimization strategy were reviewed,providing new understanding and new ideas for the treatment of liver fibrosis by mesenchymal stem cell exosomes.
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