In the context of the increasingly prominent issues of global antibiotic resistance and public health safety,bacteriophages(also called phages)have gradually gained widespread attention as a promising alternative treatment and control method.Despite their broad application potentia,phages face numerous challenges and opportunities in practical application and industrialization.This review comprehensively summarizes the current application status of phage applications and standardization progress in agriculture,aquaculture,food industry,and human health,both domestically and internationally.Current problems and practical needs are systematically outlined,and a systematic construction plan is proposed.In addition,the impact of phage application standardization on the development of related industries is analyzed in depth,emphasizing the key roles of standardization in improving product quality and safety,promoting technological innovation,integrating the industrial chain,enhancing market confidence,and promoting international cooperation.Through this review,comprehensive guidance and regulation for the application and industrial development of phages are provided,contributing to the resolution of the antibiotic resistance crisis and the improvement of public health safety.
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