Protective Effect of Tauroursodeoxycholic Acid and Bear Bile Powder on Neuroinflammation
Bear bile powder(BBP)is a traditional Chinese medicine extracted from the gallbladder of black bears.Tauroursodeoxycholic acid(TUDCA)is considered to be the main active ingredient in BBP and a critical quality standard for the drug.However,TUDCA only accounts for around 20％to 30％of bear bile powder(BBP).The roles and activities of other components in BBP and possible differences in biological activities between TUDCA and BBP remain unclear.This study aims to investigate the effects of bear bile powder and TUDCA on neuroinflammation.In our research,different concentrations of TUDCA and bear bile powder were used to pre-treat BV-2 microglial cells,followed by the induction of an inflammatory response in these cells using lipopolysaccharide(LPS).Changes in the expression of inflammatory factors and key proteins in related inflammatory pathways were monitored using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR)and Western blot(WB)techniques.Additionally,in animal experiments,C57BL/6J mice were treated with continuous gavage of TUDCA and bear bile powder for 21 days,followed by continuous intraperitoneal injections of LPS for 7 days.The inhibitory effects of TUDCA and bear bile powder on neuroinflammation in mice were evaluated by examining pathological sections of mouse brain tissue and the expression levels of inflammatory factors.The results of both cell and animal experiments indicate that TUDCA and bear bile powder both have an inhibitory effect on neuroinflammation.No significant difference in the anti-inflammatory activity was observed between the same doses of TUDCA and bear bile powder,suggesting that other active components of bear bile powder play an irreplaceable role in conjunction with TUDCA in inhibiting neuroinflammation.Therefore,the specific effects of different components of bear bile powder and their synergistic relationships deserve further investigation.This research not only expands our understanding of the mechanisms of action of bear bile powder,but also provides valuable insights for the development of new anti-inflammatory drugs.
Bear bile powderTauroursodeoxycholic acidLipopolysaccharideNeuroinflammation
万方数据
维普
