Objective:The aim of this study is to predict potential biological targets in pediatric severe and mild malaria using bioinformatics methods with the gene expression profile(GSE33811).Methods:Differential expression,functional enrichment,and network interaction analyses are performed using bioinformatics methods such as R language and online analysis.Results:We identified 243 differentially expressed genes.The functions of these genes are mainly enriched in the NOD-like receptor signaling pathway,regulation of biological stimulus response,and activation of neutrophils involved in immune response.Core genes namely IL1B,STAT1,OAS1,OAS2,IRF1,DDX58,CD4,GBP1,IFIT3,and IFIH1 are screened out through the Cytoscape.Conclusion:This analysis will provide new targets and research ideas for the treatment and prevention of severe and mild malaria in children.