Core literacy cultivation is a crucial goal in contemporary education,with"cultivating morality and talents"as its fundamental purpose across all levels of teaching.This paper delves into the specific requirements of core literacy for microbiology classroom teaching,emphasizing student experimental skills,scientific inquiry,and interdisciplinary thinking.It also explores the challenges in integrating core literacy into teaching objectives,innovative methods,and practical needs.To address these,five reform strategies are proposed:optimizing course design,innovating teaching modes,enhancing practical teaching,and improving evaluation systems.These aim to enhance student core qualities,foster excellent professionals,fulfill social responsibilities,and drive societal progress.