表观遗传学是研究在基因序列不发生改变的情况下,可遗传基因表达变化的一门遗传学分支学科.自创立以来,表观遗传学不断发展并取得很多重大创新科研成果,表观遗传学和基于表观遗传机制的生物医药技术的研究已经成为后基因组时代生命科学领域的重要组成部分.本文介绍了表观遗传学传统研究技术,包括甲基化特异性PCR(Methylation-Specific PCR,MSP)、凝胶迁徙分析(Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay,EMSA)、DNA拉下实验(DNA Pull down)、染色质免疫共沉淀(Chromatin Immunoprecipitation,ChIP)和RNA免疫共沉淀(RIP)等技术.着重比较了几种新型表观遗传学研究技术,如脱氧核糖核酸酶I超敏位点测序(DNase l hypersensitive sites sequencing,DNase-seq)、微球菌核酸酶测序(Micrococcal Nuclease sequencing,MNase-seq)、甲醛辅助分离调控元件测序(Formaldehyde-Assisted Isolation of Regulatory Elements sequencing,FAIRE-seq)、转座酶可及性测序(Assay for Targeting Accessible-Chromatin with high-throughout sequencing,ATAC-seq)、靶标切割与核酸酶释放(Cleavage Under Targets and Release Using Nuclease,CUT&RUN)、靶标和标记切割(Cleavage Under Targets and Tagmentation,CUT&Tag)等.
Abstract
The definition of epigenetics is to investigate the changes in the expression of genes without altering the DNA sequence.In recent years,the rapid development of epigenetics has gained many innovative scientific research achievements.The research of epigenetics and epigenetic mechanism based biomedicine technology has become an important part of life science in the post-genome era.This article makes a brief description and comparison of traditional epigenetic research technologies including methylation-specific PCR(MSP),electrophoretic mobility shift assay(EMSA),DNA Pull down,chromatin immunoprecipitation(ChIP)and RNA immunoprecipitation(RIP).In addition,several new epigenetic research techniques such as DNase l hypersensitive sites sequencing(DNase-seq),micrococcal nuclease sequencing(MNase-seq),formaldehyde-assisted isolation of regulatory elements sequencing(FAIRE-seq),assay for targeting accessible-chromatin with high-throughout sequencing(ATAC-seq),cleavage under targets and release using nuclease(CUT&RUN)and cleavage under targets and tagmentation(CUT&Tag)are described and compared.
维普
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