As an important biological catalyst,galactose oxidase has the characteristics of high catalytic efficiency and environmental protection.It has been widely used in biosensors,food,medical treatment,chemical industry and other fields.However,natural galactose oxidase has some inherent defects such as poor stability,low catalytic efficiency,and high recovery cost,which greatly limit its application in food safety,biomedicine,and other fields.With the development of genetic engineering and protein engineering,galactose oxidase can be purposefully modified to improve the performance of the enzyme or to obtain recombinant enzymes with new functions.Therefore,the pursuit of galactose oxidase with important catalytic capacity and powerful functions has become a research hotspot in this field.In this paper,the molecular structure and catalytic mechanism of galactose oxidase are reviewed,and the relevant cases of biological modification of galactose oxidase are analyzed and summarized,aiming to provide new ideas and methods for galactose oxidase related researchers.
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