Development and Application of Mass Spectrometry-based Single-cell Proteomics Technologies
Single-cell multi-omics technologies have brought new vitality into life sciences and medicine and enable us to explore the unknowns of life and expand the boundaries of medicine from a more microscopic cellular scale,a higher-dimensional spatial-temporal perspective,and a more intersectional vision of genomics.Single-cell proteomics(SCP)is the study of the temporal and spatial heterogeneity of protein expression in a single or a single type of cell.Despite technical difficulties such as throughput,sensitivity,and resolution,mass spectrometry-based cell-scale spatiotemporal proteomics technologies have attracted much attention due to its characteristics of unbiased detection,multiple identification types and accurate quantification.This paper reviews the development of single-cell proteomics in recent years,introduces the related technological advances in four aspects,namely,single-cell sorting,sample pre-treatment,mass spectrometry detection,and data analysis,and discusses its applications and prospects for development in life science and medical research.Spatiotemporal proteomics research at the single-cell level presents both challenges and opportunities,and the emerging single-cell proteomics technologies will undoubtedly provide new ideas and methods,cognitive clues,and multimodal data,and other valuable resources for related research fields.
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