The mother-of-pearl craftsmanship of China and Thailand each has its own characteristics,jointly demonstrating the diversity and richness of human civilization.Through comparative research,we can gain a deeper understanding of the historical background,technical characteristics,application fields,and cultural exchanges of the two countries'mother-of-pearl craftsmanship,providing useful references and inspirations for future cultural inheritance and innovation.This paper compares the craftsmanship,materials,patterns,and product types of mother-of-pearl between China and Thailand,and explores the mother-of-pearl craftsmanship in China and Thailand in depth.