Effects of freeze-drying bovine pericardium using a combination of polyethylene glycol and trehalose
The freeze-drying is a technology that preserves biological samples in a dry state,which is beneficial for storage,transportation,and cost saving.In this study,the bovine pericardium was treated with a freeze-drying protectant composed of polyethylene glycol(PEG)and trehalose(Tre),and then freeze-dried.The results demonstrated that the mechanical properties of the pericardium treated with PEG+10％w/v Tre were superior to those of the pericardium fixed with glutaraldehyde(GA).The wet state water content of the rehydrated pericardium,determined using the Karl Fischer method,was(74.81±1.44)％,which was comparable to that of the GA-fixed pericardium.The dry state water content was significantly reduced to(8.64±1.52)％,indicating effective dehydration during the freeze-drying process.Differential scanning calorimetry(DSC)testing revealed that the thermal shrinkage temperature of the pericardium was(84.96± 0.49)℃,higher than that of the GA-fixed pericardium(83.14±0.11)℃,indicating greater thermal stability.Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)results showed no damage to the protein structure during freeze-drying.Hematoxylin and eosin(HE)staining demonstrated that the freeze-drying process reduced pore formation,prevented ice crystal growth,and resulted in a tighter arrangement of tissue fibers.The frozen-dried bovine pericardium was subjected to tests for cell viability and hemolysis rate.The results revealed a cell proliferation rate of(77.87±0.49)％,corresponding to a toxicity grade of 1.Additionally,the hemolysis rate was(0.17±0.02)％,which is below the standard of 5％.These findings indicated that the frozen-dried bovine pericardium exhibited satisfactory performance in terms of cytotoxicity and hemolysis,thus meeting the relevant standards.In summary,the performance of the bovine pericardium treated with PEG+10％w/v Tre and subjected to freeze-drying could meet the required standards.
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