论自动化行政决定的说明义务
On the Explanatory Duty of Automated Administrative Decisions
赵鹏 1张硕2
作者信息
- 1. 中国政法大学 法治政府研究院,北京 100088
- 2. 中国政法大学 法学院,北京 102249
- 折叠
摘要
近年来,自动化行政决定方兴未艾.算法与行政权力的耦合实现了对传统人工决策的赋能,但也带来显著的黑箱效应,产生了对程序理性的冲击与侵蚀.对此,应当清楚认识自动化行政决定在算法治理与行政法治下的双重定位,串联起行政法与数据法中的既有制度规范,在行政过程论的视角下明确行政机关对自动化行政决定的说明义务.同时,须考虑说明义务在不同阶段的需求、成本,以及涉及的利益冲突,在具体构建中设计由面向公众的事前系统性说明和针对相对人与利益相关方在事中的具体个案说明组成的双层说明义务架构,实现自动化决定的理由之治,全面保障公民算法权利.
Abstract
In recent years,automated administrative decisions have been on the rise.The coupling of algorithmic power and administrative power enables traditional human decision-making,but at the same time,it also brings a significant black box effect,resulting in the impact on and erosion of procedural rationality.In this regard,we should clearly understand the dual positioning of automated administrative decision under algorithmic governance and administrative rule of law,connect the existing system norms in administrative law and data law,and clarify the explanatory duty of automated administrative decisions from the perspective of administrative process theory.At the same time,it is necessary to consider the needs,costs,and conflicts of interests involved in the different stages of the explanation,and design a double-layer explanatory duty structure,which consists of the prior systematic explana-tion for the public and the specific case explanation for the counterpart and the stakeholders in the matter,so as to realize the rule of reasons for automated decisions and comprehensively protect the algorithmic rights of citizens.
关键词
自动化行政决定/算法黑箱/说明义务/算法公开/算法解释Key words
automated administrative decisions/algorithm black box/explanatory duty/algorithm disclosure/algo-rithm interpretation引用本文复制引用
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据