Effects of Phosphorus Application Rate and Irrigation Amount during Flowering Stage on Wheat Grain Filling Characteristics and Yield
To explore the effects of phosphorus application rate and irrigation amount during flowering stage on wheat grain filling characteristics and yield in the middle and low-yield fields in southern Hebei,a field ex-periment was conducted during the 2020-2021 growing seasons.The study investigated the combined effects of two phosphorus application rates(P1:P2 O5 112.5 kg/hm2,P2:P2 O5168.75 kg/hm2)and three irrigation a-mounts(W0:no irrigation,W1:irrigation 375 m3/hm2,W2:irrigation 750 m3/hm2)on wheat grain-filling characteristics and yield.The results showed that an increased amount of phosphorus application significantly in-creased both spike number and yield.An increased irrigation amount during the flowering stage significantly im-proved the leaf function at the late flag leaf stage,the maximum grain growth,the number of grains per spike and yield.There was a certain interaction between the amount of phosphorus application and the irrigation amount at the flowering period.There was no significant difference in flag leaf traits,grain-filling characteristics and wheat yield under the condition of more phosphorus and less water or more water and less phosphorus.Based on the comprehensive analysis,P2W2(P2 O5:168.75 kg/hm2,irrigation at flowering stage:750 m3/hm2)can be used as a reference measure for water and phosphorus management of high-yield wheat cultivation in middle and low-yield fields in this region.P2W1(P2 O5:168.75 kg/hm2,irrigation at flowering stage:375 m3/hm2)can be used as a reference measure for water and phosphorus management of water-saving and stable yield cultivation of wheat in middle and low-yield fields in this region.