Effects of Different Irrigation Amounts on Agronomic Traits and Yield of Wheat
This study investigated the effects of different irrigation amounts on the growth,development and yield of different wheat varieties to provide a reference for water-saving irrigation in Baoji.A two-factor ran-domized block design was used,with'Zhoumai 27'and'Luohan 22'(strong drought resistance)as the main treatments.Four water treatments were applied to each variety:CK(240m3/km2 irrigation during wintering pe-riod + 210 m3/km2 irrigation at jointing stage 210 m3/km2),W1(160 m3/km2 irrigation during wintering peri-od + 140 m3/km2 irrigation at jointing stage),W2(80 m3/km2 irrigation during wintering period + 70 m3/km2 irrigation at jointing stage),and W3(no irrigation during wintering period + no irrigation at jointing stage).This study explored the effects of different irrigation amounts on plant height,chlorophyll content,leaf area index,dry matter quantity,yield traits and grain yield of wheat.The results showed that:(1)With the de-crease of irrigation amount,plant height,chlorophyll content,leaf area index,dry matter mass,panicle num-ber,grain number per panicle,1 000-grain weight and yield of wheat reduced in the whole growth stage,and the water use efficiency increased and then decreased.(2)'Luohan 22'exhibited lower reductions in different in-dexes compared to'Zhoumai 27'under different irrigation treatments,the water use efficiency of'Luohan 22'un-der W1 and W2 was significantly higher than that of CK,and the yield of'Luhan 22'remained stable under W1 treatment due to increased panicle number,grain number per panicle,and 1 000-grain weight,as well as en-hanced soil water absorption and water use efficiency regulation abilities.(3)Leaf area index of'Zhoumai 27'showed no significant change under W1 and CK treatments;dry matter quality of'Zhoumai 27'showed no sig-nificant change under W1 and CK at jointing stage and booting stage,and leaf area index and dry matter mass accumulation were closely related to yield,as a result,the spike number of'Zhoumai 27'did not decrease sig-nificantly.(4)Compared with CK,the wheat yield of'Zhoumai 27'and'Luohan 22'decreased by 51.4%and 40.6%,respectively.In terms of integrated water conservation and yield,W1(160m3/km2 during overwin-tering period + 140m3/km2)is identified as the optimal irrigation scheme for achieving high wheat yield under the experimental conditions.
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