2021-2022年度宝鸡市小麦生产自然灾害发生特点及应对措施
Characteristics and Strategies for Natural Disasters of Wheat Production in Baoji During 2021-2022
张俊文1
作者信息
- 1. 陕西省宝鸡市农业技术推广服务中心,陕西 宝鸡 721001
- 折叠
摘要
总结治理小麦自然灾害的经验,对确保今后小麦安全生产具有重要意义.2021-2022 年度宝鸡市小麦生产遭受了播期强秋淋天气,导致小麦大面积晚播,接着又受到冬季低温冻害、药害、春季病虫害等自然灾害的威胁.通过落实陕西省"抗灾强管"百日行动和"两增两减"虫口夺粮促丰收专项行动,采取狠抓冬春肥水管理,促弱转壮增蘖、增穗、增粒,喷施芸苔素内酯和氨基寡糖素等措施来提高小麦抗逆性;通过实施冬春季化除、早春条锈病挑治、病虫害发生区提前普防等关键技术,使得小麦春季苗情迅速由弱转壮,群体合理,穗数、粒重增加显著,自然灾害得到有效控制,小麦单产不降反增,并创历史新高.
Abstract
Summary of the experience in natural disaster management is crucial for safeguarding wheat pro-duction safety.Wheat production in Baoji City was affected by severe autumn rain during the sowing period in 2021-2022,leading to delayed sowing over a large region.Furthermore,the wheat faced natural disasters in-cluding freeze injury,phytotoxicity,and plant diseases and insect pests.To mitigate its impact,authorities in Shaanxi Province implemented the"Disaster Resistance and Strong Management"100-day action plan and the"Double Increases and Decreases"campaign.These strategies were continuously refined,with an emphasis on managing winter and spring irrigation and fertilization,promoting tiller,spike,and grain development,and en-hancing wheat resistance capabilities through the application of Isohomobrassinolide and amino oligosaccharides.Key techniques including winter and spring chemical weeding,early spring control of stripe rust,and early meas-ures to prevent pest and disease outbreaks were used to improve seedling vigor,achieve proper population densi-ty,increase spike numbers and grain weight,and effectively manage natural disasters.Consequently,wheat yield remained stable and increased to reach a historic high..
关键词
小麦/自然灾害/发生特点/应对措施Key words
Wheat/Natural disaster/Occurrence characters/Countermeasures引用本文复制引用
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据