Coal resources are one of China's important resources,and coal mining mainly relies on rapid tunneling technology.However,the current tunneling technology not only improves coal mining efficiency,but also poses safety hazards and pollution problems.Therefore,it is necessary to research and develop new rapid excavation techniques for coal mine tunnels in order to improve coal mining efficiency,reduce mining costs,reduce pollution,and ensure the safety of coal mining.The main factors affecting the excavation speed of coal mine tunnels were analyzed.By elaborating on the excavation machinery and support structures used in the excavation construction process,targeted improvement and optimization measures were proposed,in order to provide theoretical and practical guidance for the rapid excavation operation of coal mine tunnels.