Runoff and soil erosion characteristics in red soil slope croplands under various straw return modes
through artificial rainfall simulations,the variations in surface runoff and sediment yield under different straw return rates(0.30,0.45,0.60,and 0.75 kg/m2)and methods(crushed mulch reversion(CV),crushed tillage reversion(RT),and mulch-crushed tillage reversion(CR))are investigated,and the underlying mechanisms governing surface runoff and sediment yield patterns under different straw return methods and rates are analyzed.The results indicate that:1)Under the same return method,straw return rates significantly affect the timing of runoff production,with increasing straw return rates leading to longer initial and stable runoff production time.Among the same straw return rates,there is minimal difference in runoff production time between CV and RT,while CR exhibits the most pronounced delay,with an initial runoff production time delayed by 19.42 to 55.17 minutes compared to CK.2)With increasing straw return rates under the same return method,the initial and stable surface runoff intensities decrease,resulting in a significant reduction in total surface runoff.Notably,there is no significant difference in total surface runoff between RT and CR at straw return rates of 0.60 kg/m2 and 0.75 kg/m2.Moreover,under the same straw return rate,CR demonstrates significantly greater flow reduction benefits compared to CV and RT,with a decrease in initial runoff intensity ranging from 23.64 to 44.04 mm/h,and a reduction in total surface runoff ranging from 55.74% to 98.92% compared to CK.3)Under the same return method,increasing straw return rates lead to a continual decrease in sediment yield intensity,resulting in a significant reduction in total surface sediment yield.There is no significant difference in total surface sediment yield among the three return methods at straw return rates of 0.60 kg/m2 and 0.75 kg/m2.Additionally,under the same straw return rate,CR demonstrates greater sediment reduction benefits compared to CV and RT,with sediment reduction benefits ranging from 93.73% to 99.99% compared to CK.Thus,it is evident that mulch-crushed tillage reversion(CR)with a straw return rate of 0.60 kg/m2 is the optimal straw return mode.
red soil slope croplandartificial rainfall simulationstraw returnrunoffsediment yield
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