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论徐渭诗画题咏中本色传"真"的思想

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徐渭于艺文无所不精,因崇尚本色而追求真情、真意、真我的表达,开启了晚明重情任真文艺思潮的先声.他提出的"贱相色,贵本色"主张,既是戏曲批评的准则,也是诗歌与绘画创作的纲领.徐渭的诗画题咏表现杂花、美人、山水和"四君子"等多种题材,借吟诗作画展现真情,尤喜反映世俗香艳之情.他提倡"率"性,脱去"雕"饰以写意传真,尤其注意对物象之"影"的刻画与动态描写.诗画创作与品题是徐渭传达个性化人生体验的媒介,他将王学对自心自性的肯定与庄禅思想结合,在笔墨游戏中寻求精神解脱.抒写真情、绘写真意、表现真我,最终达到自适通神的境界,是徐渭诗画题咏的要旨所在.
Xu Wei's Thoughts of Conveying"Truth"through Authenticity in His Poems and Paintings
Xu Wei excelled in various literary and artistic fields.His emphasis on authenticity led him to pursue the expression of true feelings,true intentions,and the true self,heralding the late Ming Dynasty's trend of emphasizing emotion and authenticity in literature and art.He proposed the idea of"devaluing superficiality and valuing authenticity,"which served as a principle for opera criticism as well as a guide-line for poetry and painting creation.Xu Wei's poems and paintings covered a wide range of subjects,in-cluding various flowers,beauties,landscapes,and the"Four Gentlemen".Through poetry and painting,he expressed genuine emotions,particularly enjoying the reflection of worldly and romantic sentiments.He advocated for naturalness and the removal of artificial embellishments to convey true meaning,paying spe-cial attention to the depiction of shadows and dynamic descriptions of objects.Poetry and painting served as mediums for him to convey his personalized life experiences.He combined the affirmation of one's own mind and nature from Wang Yangming's philosophy with the thoughts of Zhuangzi and Zen Buddhism,seeking spiritual liberation through his artistic creations.Expressing true emotions,depicting true inten-tions,and penetrating the true self to ultimately achieve a state of self-fulfillment and spiritual transcend-ence were the core principles of Xu Wei's poetry and painting.

Xu Weiauthenticity"Truth"poetry and painting

高羽鹤

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南开大学 文学院,天津 300071

徐渭 本色 "真" 诗画题咏

2024

绍兴文理学院学报
绍兴文理学院

绍兴文理学院学报

CHSSCD
影响因子:0.267
ISSN:1008-293X
年,卷(期):2024.44(9)