The Logic Differences of"Seeing Big Things Through Small Ones"in Microhistory and Its Relationship with Other Historical Approaches
"Seeing big things through small ones"is the characteristic of microhistory.Its rationality has undergone the misunderstanding and questioning of academic circle and gradually been recognized.However,the current researches often discuss the commonality of a small number of micro historical works,and have not yet identified the logical differences of"seeing big things through small ones"in these works,thus their conceptual understanding of microhistory is still vague,and various theoretical disputes related to it have not been clarified.Based on the logical analysis of"seeing big things through small ones"in more than 20 microhistory works,one could identify four types:monad isomorphism,multicomponent structuralism,symbol interpretivism and reasoning backward by exception.Identifying the above differences will help clarify the relationship between microhistory and"global microhistory","fragmentation","postmodernism"and"new cultural history"more precisely.Global microhistory focuses on cultural contrasts in large spatial spans,making individual cases extremely representative.It could not resolve the problem of the demonstration reliability of the microhistory of rural theme,but it proves that paying attention to the conflict is the most reasonable way of"seeing big things through small ones".The so-called"fragmentation"research does not involve macro historical thinking,while microhistory can provide"counterexamples"to update historical consensus,which has the significance of"seeing big things through small ones"and could avoid becoming"fragment".Postmodernism advocates giving up the overall view of history,does not resist fiction,but all of the microhistory works are committed to"seeing big things through small ones",arguing on evidence and clarifying doubts.So microhistory has nothing to do with postmodernism.The new cultural history is concerned with cultural appropriation,which is different from most types of microhistory in argumentation logic,only the logical type of"reasoning backward by exception"is in accord with it.Identifying the logical differences of microhistory can provide an unambiguous reference for clarifying multiple theoretical misinterpretations.
Microhistory"Seeing Big Things Through Small Ones"Global MicrohistoryFragmentationPostmodernismNew Cultural History
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