In contrast to the Franco-German historiography,which flourished in the 17th and 18th centuries,post-Renaissance Italian historiography fell into an objective state of oggettivo ritardo that was slowly progressive but not sufficiently innovative.The second half of the 19th century saw the rise of historicism in Italy due to the growing influence of German culture.Based on the Italian cultural and historiographic tradition,the historians represented by Croce developed"German historicism"into"Italian historicism",which paved a differentiated path for the development of Italian historiography.In a critical reflection of Croce's"Absolute Historicism",scholars represented by Gramsci developed the historical-cultural dimension of Marxism and promoted the"Italianization"of Marxist historiography.After the Second World War,Marxist historiography evolved in the new social and political environment.Microhistory was born in Italy due to the left-wing background created by the"top-down"shift of historical view,the expansion of research fields,and the diversification of research methods.Edoardo Grendi,Giovanni Levi,Carlo Ginzburg,and others'active exploration of microhistory has made it a distinctive feature of contemporary Italian historiography.In the 20th century,Italian historiography reflected on its historical practice and reshaped its spirit in the context of the collision,exchange and fusion of historical ideas such as historicism,Marxism and microhistory.
Italian Historiography20th CenturyHistoricismMarxismMicrohistory
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