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论数据资产作为夫妻共同财产的认定

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数据资产在夫妻共同财产制中的法律定位不清.我国《民法典》第1062条并未明确规定数据资产属于夫妻共同财产,而作为补充的《婚姻家庭编的解释(一)》亦未解决此法律留白.数据资产是特定主体拥有或控制的、数据资源资产化后的财产性利益,其既不同于宽泛的数字财产,也有别于尚未资产化的数据资源和原始数据.要把数据资产纳入《民法典》第1062条的夫妻共同财产制的调整范围,须首先满足资产的持有主体特定、财产性利益相对固定或可确定、能够依法流通交易或进行资本化运用这三个条件.同时,数据资产适用夫妻共同财产制还要求资产为夫妻婚姻关系存续期间所得,并且不属于专有数据资产的范围.此外,数据资产的类型可能会影响夫妻共同财产的范围,对不同的数据资产类型应采用不同的解释路径.
On the Identification of Data Assets as Community Property
The legal position of data assets in the marital community property system needs to be clarified.Article 1062 of the Civil Code does not explicitly specify that data assets are community prop-erty,and the supplement to the Interpretation of Marriage and Family(Ⅰ)does not either address the issue.Data assets are property interests owned or controlled by a specific entity resulting from data re-sources.They differ not only from digital property but also from uncapitalized data resources and raw da-ta.To be included in the scope of the community property system under Article 1062 of the Civil Code,three conditions must first be met:the assets must be subject-specific,the property interest must be relatively fixed or identifiable,and they must be legally circulated,transacted or capitalized.Data as-sets are subject to the marital community property system if acquired during the marital relationship and do not fall into the scope of personal proprietary data assets.The type of data assets may affect the scope of the community property,and different approaches of interpretation should be used for different types of data assets.

data assetsdata resourcescommunity propertycommunity property identifica-tionarticle 1062 of the Civil Code

朱晓峰、徐涵渊

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中央财经大学法学院(北京,100081)

数据资产 数据资源 夫妻共同财产 共同财产认定 《民法典》第1062条

2024

思想战线
云南大学

思想战线

CSTPCDCSSCICHSSCD北大核心
影响因子:0.803
ISSN:1001-778X
年,卷(期):2024.50(6)