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利用动态时间规整的多层位追踪方法

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层位追踪是地震资料处理、解释中非常重要的步骤,现有的层位自动追踪技术在遇到断层时追踪效果不佳.为此,根据相邻地震道之间波形相似性,提出一种利用动态时间规整(DTW)的纯数据驱动的多层位追踪方法.首先,提取地震道特征值,将地震道按波谷、波峰或过零点等特征划分,使所追层位点严格遵循以上特征,保证追踪结果的高精度;其次,利用DTW方法计算两道相邻地震道划分好的特征值序列以得到相似路径;最后,从相似路径中提取所有彼此相似的特征值点对,并根据参考层划分特征值点对得到各套层位.模型数据试算和实际资料测试结果表明,所提方法能快速追踪到目标区域的各套层位,并有效克服断层对层位追踪的阻碍,对不同地质条件的地震资料具有一定的适用性,有一定的应用价值.
A multihorizon tracking method using dynamic time warping
Horizon tracking is a very important step in seismic data processing and interpretation.The existing automatic horizon tracking technology often has a poor tracking effect when encountering faults.Therefore,a pure data-driven multihorizon tracking method using dynamic time warping(DTW)is proposed based on the waveform similarity between adjacent seismic channels.Firstly,the characteristic values of the seismic channels are extracted and the seismic channels are divided according to the characteristics of troughs,peaks,or zero crossings so that the tracked horizon positions strictly follow the above characteristics.In this way,a high accu-racy of the tracking results can be ensured.Secondly,the DTW method is used to calculate the characteristic value sequences divided into two adjacent seismic channels to obtain similar paths.Finally,all the similar char-acteristic value point pairs,extracted from the similar paths,are divided according to the reference horizon to obtain each set of horizons.The results of model data calculation and actual data tests show that the proposed method can quickly track the positions of each set of horizons in the target area,and it effectively overcomes the hindering effect of faults on horizon tracking.It has a certain generalizability to seismic data in different geologi-cal conditions and has a certain application value.

seismic horizon trackingdynamic time warpingseismic waveform characteristicsstructural interpretation

周继继、许辉群、李彪、杨梦琼、黄燕洁

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长江大学地球物理与石油资源学院,湖北武汉 430100

东方地球物理公司西南分公司,四川成都 610213

中国石油大港油田勘探开发研究院,天津 300280

地震层位追踪 动态时间规整 地震波形特征 构造解释

2024

石油地球物理勘探
东方地球物理勘探有限责任公司

石油地球物理勘探

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子:1.766
ISSN:1000-7210
年,卷(期):2024.59(6)