社会-技术视角下的超大城市能源转型路径比较研究——基于伦敦和纽约的案例分析
Energy Transition Pathways in Megacities from a Socio-Technical Perspective:A Comparative Study on London and New York
盛春红 1华晗悦1
作者信息
- 1. 上海外国语大学 国际关系与公共事务学院,上海 201620
- 折叠
摘要
在全球气候危机背景下,超大城市的能源转型成效及其经验值得深入探究.超大城市伦敦与纽约的能源转型成效差距显著.基于社会-技术转型多层级理论模型对伦敦与纽约的能源转型路径及成效进行比较分析.结果表明:在微观的社会-技术利基层面,纽约与伦敦作为超大城市,都为能源转型创新提供孵化的有利条件;在中观的社会-技术系统层面,纽约的能源转型创新扩散受到纵向层面美国联邦政府气候政策摇摆的负面影响,而伦敦的能源转型创新因获得英国中央政府支持而更易于扩散;在宏观的社会-技术景观层面,伦敦比纽约更容易受到世界能源市场波动的影响,这促使伦敦开展能源转型跨区域协作以增强其应对国际危机的韧性.由此可知,尽管超大城市有着能源转型创新温床的优势,但其能源转型创新的扩散和规模化离不开中央政府的支持以及跨区域协同合作;超大城市的能源转型需要依赖于纵向与横向的多层主体之间的协同合作,才能推动能源转型相关创新的发展和扩散,进而打破传统能源体制的锁定效应,实现能源转型.
Abstract
The efficacy and experience of energy transition in megacities warrant in-depth exploration in the context of the global climate crisis.Significant disparities exist in the energy transition performance between London and New York,the two megacities.This study employs a multi-level framework of socio-technical transition theory to compare and analyze the energy transition pathways and outcomes of these two cities.The results indicate that New York and London possess favorable conditions for fostering energy transition innovation at the micro-level of socio-technical niches.At the meso-level of socio-technical systems,energy transition innovation encounters obsta-cles in diffusing within New York City due to the volatile climate policies at the state and federal levels.Conversely,London's energy transition innovation is bolstered by support from the central government of the United Kingdom,enabling its smoother diffusion.At the macro-level of socio-technical landscapes,London's vulnerability to global energy market fluctuations compels it to pursue cross-region-al collaboration for energy transition,thereby strengthening its resilience in the face of international crises.This study highlights that while megacities serve as favorable environments for energy transition innovation incubation,the diffusion and scaling of such innova-tions hinge upon the support of central governments and cross-regional collaborative endeavors.In summary,successful energy transi-tion in megacities necessitates robust vertical and horizontal multi-level coordination among stakeholders to foster the development and dissemination of energy transition-related innovations while mitigating the lock-in effects of conventional energy systems.Achieving en-ergy transition in megacities relies on collaborative endeavors among diverse stakeholders across the macro,meso,and micro levels of the socio-technical system.
关键词
社会-技术转型理论/超大城市/能源转型/伦敦/纽约Key words
Social-Technical Transition Theory/megacities/energy transition/renewable energy引用本文复制引用
基金项目
国家社会科学基金项目(22BZZ105)
上海市决策咨询项目(2023-JD-G03)
出版年
2024
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据