Challenges and development prospects of large-scale underground hydrogen storage
Hydrogen is considered as a kind of green and clean energy,which has been receiving more and more attentions in recent years,but it needs large space for storage due to its low density.Underground rock formation or reservoirs can provide large-scale and long-term storage of hydrogen and may break through the key bottleneck of storage in the hydrogen energy in-dustry chain.In this study,the characteristics of three types of underground storage spaces were analyzed and compared for hydrogen storage,including depleted oil and gas reservoirs,underground salt caverns and aquifers,and the current develop-ment and research status of underground hydrogen storage engineering were described.The challenges faced in underground hydrogen storage were considered,such as caprock sealing,complex adsorption and flow characteristics of hydrogen in sub-surface porous media,hydrogen loss due to biochemical reactions,and engineering modelling.The developmet prospects of underground hydrogen storage in China were dicussed,highlighting that underground hydrogen storage is an indispensable en-gineering technology for achieving carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals.
underground hydrogen storagehydrogen energydepleted oil and gas reservoirssalt cavernsaquifers
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