Nutritional literacy status and influencing factors of maintenance hemodialysis patients
Objective To investigate the current status of nutritional literacy among maintenance hemodialysis(MHD)patients and analyse the factors affecting it,so as to provide a reference basis for the development of a nutritional literacy intervention programme.Methods Convenience sampling was used to select patients who underwent MHD from October to December 2023 at the haemodialysis centres of 3 tertiary-level hospitals in Shaoyang city district.A general information questionnaire,nutritional literacy assessment questionnaire for maintenance haemodialysis patients,medical anxiety and depression scale,social support scale,chronic disease self-efficacy scale,and GLIMmalnutrition assessment scale were used to investigate and analyse the current situation of nutritional literacy in MHD patients and the influencing factors.Results A total of 555 MHD patients were included,with a nutritional literacy mean score of 92.823±13.643,a mean score of 3.814±0.681 for nutritional attitudes,3.783±0.647 for nutritional knowledges,3.647±0.682 for nutritional skills,3.596±0.773 for information interaction,and 3.630±0.691 for information evaluation.The results of multiple linear regression analyses showed that place of residence,education level,personal monthly income,anxiety,depression,social support,and self-efficacy were the main influences on nutritional literacy of MHD patients(P＜0.05).Conclusion Nutritional literacy of MHD patients is at a moderate level,and it is necessary to focus on MHD patients who are rural,with low education level,low monthly income,and suffer from anxiety and depression,and to encourage healthcare professionals,wardmate,and family members to provide more support and interactions,to improve their self-efficacy,and to continually improve their level of nutritional literacy.
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